Determination of bioactive compounds, phenolic contents, fatty acid and biogenic element profiles of the seeds of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genotypes

Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of sunflower seeds were determined to be between 99.64 (Kalamis) and 130.75 mg GAE/100 g (Belfis) to 838.33 (Toramis) and 1455.67 mg QE/100 g (LG50.480), respectively. Also, antioxidant activity values of sunflower seeds were recorded between 1.27 (Pioner mm54) and 1.73 mmol/kg (other varieties;except Bella). Quercetin and rutin amounts of sunflower seeds were identified to be between 1.18 (deray) and 28.72 mg/100 g (Toramis) to 0.97 (İsida) and 6.98 mg/100 g (Pioner MM54),respectively. The phenolic components found in the highest amounts in sunflower seeds were quercetin and rutin. Linoleic and oleic acid contents of the oils extracted from sunflower varieties were identified between 1.84 (Arsentik) and 69.56% (Jais) to 15.72% (Jais) and 90.95% (Arsentik), respectively. Interestingly, the linoleic acid values of the “Aromatic” and “Arsentic” sunflower seed oils were found at the lowest concentrations, while the oleic acid results of the oils of these varieties were detected at the highest concentrations. The crude protein amounts of sunflower kernels changed between 18.82 (Pioner mm54) and 29.81% (Belfis). P and K contents of sunflower seeds were recorded between 4908.24 (Pioner mm54) and 10561.27 mg/kg (Bella) to 4117.86 (Loris) and 6901.06 mg/kg (Deray), respectively.