The Effectiveness of AI-assisted Information Provision in Premature Infant Care: An Evaluation of ChatGPT in Terms of Accuracy, Comprehensibility, and Scope

Aim: – This study aims to evaluate the accuracy, comprehensibility, and scope of the information provided by ChatGPT regarding premature infant care. Methods: – This study is designed as a structured evaluation of ChatGPT’s responses about premature infant care for parents, using data from answers generated in 2023 and 2024. The most frequently asked questions by parents about premature infant care were identified and presented to ChatGPT. The responses obtained were examined in terms of medical accuracy, comprehensibility, and scope. The responses were assessed by comparing them with current pediatric care protocols and scientific sources. Results: – The analysis results indicate that ChatGPT provides information largely consistent with current pediatric-care guidelines on topics such as medical care, nutrition, respiratory support, home care, and psychological support for premature infants. The responses were generally found to be presented in a language suitable for the health literacy level of parents and were deemed comprehensible. However, it was observed that some technical terms require more detailed explanations and that individualized guidance should be enhanced. In particular, topics such as long-term health monitoring of premature infants, neurodevelopmental follow-up, infection risk management, and the frequency of medical check-ups should be addressed more comprehensively. Conclusion: – The study demonstrates that AI-based systems like ChatGPT can serve as complementary tools in guiding parents in premature infant care. However, it is emphasized that such systems should be used under the supervision and guidance of health care professionals. Future research should further explore the impact of ChatGPT through evaluations based on parents’ direct experiences.