Metastin levels in relation with hormonal and metabolic profile in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum concentrations of metastin in relation with hormonal and metabolic profile in patients with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Study design: The study was a clinical study. Eighty-three women with PCOS and 66 body mass index (BMI) matched controls were divided into two groups, based on BMI: overweight and obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/ m2) and normal weight. (BMI < 25 kg/m2) Hirsutism scores, hormonal and metabolic profile as well as metastin levels were evaluated in each subject. Blood samples were collected in the early follicular phase (between day 2 and day 5 of the menstrual cycle) at 9:00 AM, after an overnight fast. Circulating levels of LH, FSH, PRL, TSH, T, fT, DHEAS, 17-OH-P, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), insulin, glucose, lipid profile and metastin were measured. Results: Metastin levels were significantly higher in the PCOS group compared to controls (2.02 ng/ml versus 1.16 ng/ml, p < 0.001). Metastin levels correlated significantly positively with luteinizing hormone (LH), total testosterone (T), dehydroepiandrosteronesulphate (DHEA-SO4) levels, modified Ferriman- Gallwey (mFG) scores and free androgen index (FAI); however, correlated negatively with sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels (p < 0.05). When overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) and normal weight (BMI < 25 kg/m2) women with PCOS were compared to body mass index (BMI) matched controls, higher metastin levels were also found in PCOS groups (1.94 ng/ml versus 1.18 ng/ml, and 2.06 ng/ml versus 1.08 ng/ml, p < 0.05, respectively). Conclusions: These findings suggest that metastin levels were higher in women with PCOS as compared to controls regardless of BMI. Furthermore, metastin levels can be used as a specific marker for androgenic profile and this marker might play a role in the pathogenesis of PCOS.