Evaluation of antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of some Phytolacca americana L. extracts

Antimicrobial resistance remains a significant global challenge across various fields. To solve this problem, researchers are developing antimicrobial agents, antiseptics, and disinfectants with different formulations. In this study, methanol (MeOH) extracts of Phytolacca americana L. fruits and leaves, were evaluated for their both antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities using the microdilution method and antibiofilm assay against bacteria and fungi including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Candida albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei, Trichophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum, and Microsporum gypseum. According to the activity studies, extracts displayed 32-128 µg/mL MICs against tested bacteria and fungi. In the microdilution method, inhibition curves of IC50 obtained by the resazurin microplate assay for the extracts showed results between 12-41 μg/mL.