Serotypes of Salmonella isolated from feces of cattle, buffalo, and camel and sensitivities to antibiotics in Turkey

In this study, Salmonella strains from dairy cows, calves with diarrhea, and buffalo and camel feces were isolated and serotyped. There were 869 feces samples (437 calves, 287 dairy cows, 100 buffalo, and 45 camels) collected from 13 provinces and 21 farms. Preenrichment feces samples were added to Rappaport-Vassiliadis medium. Samples were then subcultured on xylose lysine tergitol-4 agar and plates. Suspected colonies of Salmonella were confirmed by latex agglutination test. The isolates of Salmonella spp. were serotyped at the Etlik Central Veterinary Control Institute. In total, 40 Salmonella spp. were isolated, including 33 from calves, 5 from dairy cows, 1 from a buffalo, and 1 from a camel. Salmonella strains were serotyped as S. Kentucky (n = 23), S. Muenchen (n = 5), S. Anatum (n = 4), S. Gaminare (n = 4), S. Typhimurium (n = 1), S. Muenster (n = 1), S. Enteritidis (n = 1), and S. Abony (n = 1). The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used for the determination of antibiotic susceptibilities of isolates against 15 antibiotics. Salmonella isolates were determined as resistant to multiple antibiotics. In conclusion, 8 different Salmonella serotypes were found in dairy cows, calves, buffalo, and camels. Because of the occurrence of multiresistant isolates, biosafety measures and pathogen control processes are advised for Salmonella-associated risks to public health.