Basic approaches to healing and treatment of claw lesions in cattle

Foot diseases can be classified as infectious and non-infectious according to their etiology. Non-infectious foot lesions occur more commonly than infectious ones. The most common non-infectious foot lesions are sole ulcer, toe ulcer, sole hemorrhage, and white line disease. Wound healing is generally considered as primary and secondary healing. There is often no primary improvement in claw lesions. In claw lesions where the nail and chorium are damaged, a secondary improvement is seen with the formation of granulation tissue. There is often no primary improvement in claw lesions. In these lesions where the claw and corium are damaged, a secondary improvement is observed with the formation of granulation tissue. There are many methods used in the treatment of claw lesions. It is important to know how to apply them in which disease. When not applied correctly, most applications harm instead of benefit. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current literature on the management of common claw horn lesions and to guide the practitioners in the field based on experience.