Investigation of The Use of Biodiesel Produced from Waste Cooking Oil as Fuel for a CI Engine Under Different Operating Parameters

The environmentally responsible disposal of waste cooking oil is a significant concern for numerous nations. One method to repurpose waste cooking oil is to employ it as diesel fuel. This approach diminishes both the expense of fuel feedstocks and the ecological repercussions of waste cooking oil. In this study, the use of waste cooking oil as fuel was achieved by converting it into biodiesel thru the transesterification method. The negative thermos-physical properties of biodiesel, due to its high density and viscosity, have been improved by increasing the injector injection pressure. Furthermore, the optimal injection advance value for engine torque was established, and combustion properties were enhanced. The impact of varying injection pressures and timings of biodiesel on engine performance, combustion characteristics, and exhaust emission parameters was examined in a three-cylinder, naturally aspirated direct injection diesel engine. Consequently, increasing both injection pressure and advance favorably affected combustion characteristics such as ignition delay, combustion duration, and the crank angle at which maximum pressure was achieved. Thanks to an increase in injection pressure, the specific fuel consumption improved by 6.74% and thermal efficiency by 10.14% compared to using biodiesel into regular engine parameters. The impact of injection advance was more significant in the exhaust emission parameters. Extra reductions of 7.92%, 5.79%, and 3.14% were established for CO, HC, and smoke opacity emissions, respectively. Enhanced combustion efficiency, leading to elevated end of combustion temperatures, resulted in a rise of up to 15.66% in NOX emissions.