Pyridoxine determination in energy drink, pharmaceutical, and artificial urine samples using a laboratory-made disposable screen-printed electrode modified with a ternary nanocomposite

Pyridoxine (Pyr), known as vitamin B6 (VB6), is a crucial nutrient that is involved in many aspects of macronutrient metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and immune function. It is commonly found in a variety of foods and dietary supplements. With the aim of detecting Pyr rapidly and easily, a new electrochemical sensing platform was designed by using a laboratory-made disposable screen-printed electrode (LabSPE) modified with a ternary composite composed of SiC, Fe3O4 and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The sensing nanomaterials within the composite were characterized using FT-IR, XRD, XPS, FE-SEM, and EDX analyses. The effects of the conductive nature of rGO, the contribution of SiC to electron transport, and the electrocatalytic ability of Fe3O4 on the electrooxidation signal of Pyr were studied in detail by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques. With a wide operating range of 0.75–––225 µM and a detection limit of 0.10 µM, the sensor performed better than or comparable to Pyr sensors reported in previous years. The applicability of the prepared sensor to real samples was evaluated on various samples containing Pyr, such as energy drink, commercial drugs, and artificial urine, indicating highly acceptable recoveries between 101.8 and 102.2 %. To test the selectivity of the present sensor, the current responses were recorded in the presence of other B vitamin species. The results showed that Fe3O4-SiC-rGO/LabSPE has good selectivity for the electrochemical determination of Pyr. The synergistic effect of rGO, SiC, and Fe3O4 nanostructures have enhanced the current signal of the fabricated sensor for the oxidation of Pyr.