This study aims to examine Taha Abdurrahman’s moral philosophy by synthesizing the concepts of human, reason, morality, religion, and modernity. In conducting this examination, special emphasis is placed on the interrelatedness of the aforementioned concepts, focusing on where Taha Abdurrahman’s claims stand within the context of moral philosophy. The study distinguishes itself from other related works on Taha Abdurrahman’s philosophy by firmly establishing his position in moral philosophy and elucidating his approach to moralization. Taha Abdurrahman offers an alternative understanding to the existing moralization by attempting to reestablish a holistic moral understanding akin to that of the Ancient and Medieval periods, in contrast to the fragmented moral understanding of the Modern Age, which centers the individual in moralization. In this regard, this study concludes that Taha Abdurrahman holds a position based on the concept of “metaphysical good” within the context of moral philosophy. Another fundamental result of this study is the demonstration that through the synthesis of the concepts used by Taha Abdurrahman, he approaches moralization by considering moral obligation and moral sustainability. The document analysis method, one of the qualitative research methods, was employed in this study.