Background: Vaccination is the most important public health practice for preventing infectious diseases and maintaining health. However, some parents are hesitant to vaccinate their children. Design: This study was designed as an instrument development study. Methods: This study aimed to develop a scale to measure the attitudes of parents with children aged 0–5 years towards vaccination and to evaluate the validity and reliability of this scale. The data were collected from 691 participants between November 2020 and January 2021. During the development of the scale, experts provided feedback on its technical, content and language dimensions. The data were analysed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses for conceptual validity and Cronbach's α and item-level test–retest analyses for reliability. Results: The developed scale is a reliable and valid tool for measuring attitudes towards vaccination among parents (Cronbach's α = 0.97, variance explained by these 28-item two factors = 62.47%). Conclusion: This scale can be used as a guide in measuring the attitudes of parents towards vaccination and determining the direction of primary health-care services based on the results of the measurement.