AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of desflurane on reproductive capacity in female rats through a study of biochemical evaluations. METHOD: After experimental procedure, the blood samples of female rats were collected, and the malondialdehyde, interleukin-1-beta, total glutathione and superoxide dismutase levels were measured to evaluate oxidative stress. In addition to biochemical evaluations, the reproductive performance of the experimental groups was also examined. RESULTS: The results of our study demonstrated that in blood samples of desflurane-treated groups of rats, the parameters indicating oxidative stress and inflammation increased, and antioxidant parameters decreased (p < 0.05). It was also proven that repeated desflurane doses caused infertility in female rats, prolonged the gestation period and reduced the number of offspring. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that recurrent desflurane application can cause infertility problems through oxidative stress in female rats (Tab. 3, Fig. 1, Ref. 25). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.