Objective: To investigate the protective effect of infliximab on ischemiareperfusion (I/R) injury of the rat kidney. Methods: Twenty-eight male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: sham-operated, I/R, I/R with infliximab administered before ischemia [I/R infliximab (bi)], and I/R with infliximab administered before reperfusion [I/R infliximab (br)]. After a right nephrectomy to produce damage, the left renal vessels were occluded for 60 min, followed by 24-h reperfusion in rats. Changes in the rat kidney were observed by measuring the tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and by evaluating hematoxylineosin (H&E)-stained and periodic acidSchiff (PAS) sections. Results: The MDA and MPO levels in the I/R group were significantly higher than in the other groups (p < 0.05), and the SOD and GSH levels in the I/R infliximab (bi) and I/R infliximab (br) groups were significantly higher than in the I/R group (p < 0.05). However, histological examination revealed that the I/R infliximab (bi) group and the I/R infliximab (br) group had significantly fewer tubular changes and interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration than the I/R group. Conclusion: These results show that infliximab may protect against I/R injury in the rat I/R model. © 2012 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc.