Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection that humans contract usually by ingestion of unpasteurized milk and milk products or by direct contact with raw infected animal products. Infection is endemic in many countries, including Turkey. Being a systemic disease, brucellosis may affect almost any part of the body. The peritoneum is a site rarely involved in brucellosis. Most peritonitis episodes involving Brucella species have been spontaneous cases reported in cirrhotic patients with ascites. To our knowledge, the literature contains only 5 cases of Brucella peritonitis related to continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Here, we report Brucella peritonitis in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patient, and we discuss the relevant literature. © 2012 International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis.