The anterior system is primarily responsible for the clinical picture in a patient that presents with clinical aphasia. However, recent reports have shown that injuries to posterior structures, the cerebellum in particular, may have a role in language processing. Herein, we will look frst at the linguistic role of the cerebellum in light of the literature, then of the thalamus and some described clinical syndromes, and fnally, specifc syndromes resulting from occipital lobe lesions, all of which are supported by the posterior vascular system. The human brain is such a complex organization that in addition to the thalamus and occipital cortex, we can see the involvement of the cerebellum in high cognitive functions. Posterior system strokes may lead to clinical fndings of cognitive defcits, including neurolinguistic components. Determining these defects in stroke patients may precipitate changes in current management strategies.