The aim was to evaluate the findings of high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and pulmonary function tests (PFT) in the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with and without pulmonary symptoms and to determine their role in prediction of respiratory system involvement. Among 54 consecutive RA patients, 22 (41%) were symptomatic and 32 (59%) were asymptomatic after detailed respiratory examination. Abnormal findings in PFTs were present in 10 (45%) symptomatic and 15 (47%) asymptomatic patients. PFT results were similar in both groups. A total of 18 (82%) symptomatic and 16 (50%) asymptomatic patients had abnormalities in HRCT scans. About 16 (80%) of 20 patients with normal HRCT scans had no pulmonary symptoms at all and we noted a significant correlation (P < 0.05). HRCT was more useful mean than PFTs in evaluation of pulmonary involvement in the RA patients; however, no correlation was present between various respiratory symptoms and abnormal findings both in PFTs and HRCT scans. © 2006 Springer-Verlag.