Falls among hospitalized patients pose a significant threat to patient safety and may also impose a financial burden on both families and healthcare systems. This study aimed to determine the incidence of falls among hospitalized patients, associated risk factors, and related nursing interventions. In this retrospective study, fall records of hospitalized patients between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2021, were analyzed. Among 145,417 hospitalized patients, 114,121 were classified as high risk for falls, and 406 fall incidents were recorded. Falls were most frequently observed among patients aged 75–84 years, with an incidence rate of 0.28 per 1,000 patient-days. Ten major risk factors were identified, including advanced age, neurological disease, and use of specific medications. Nursing interventions primarily focused on monitoring vital signs and maintaining patient safety. The findings emphasize the importance of implementing targeted fall prevention strategies for high-risk patients. Identifying fall-related risk factors can support the development of effective nursing interventions and improve patient safety outcomes.