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Crocus sativus L. stigmas and byproducts: Qualitative fingerprint, antioxidant potentials and enzyme inhibitory activities
Scopus
Toplam 133 atıf DOI
Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) has been previously reported to be active as a protective agent in multiple experimental models of oxidative stress, inflammation and cancer. These findings refer to the protective effects of stigmas, not byproducts such as tepals and anthers. In this context, the aims of the present work were to characterize the phytochemical profile of saffron stigmas (CST) and high quality byproducts (tepals + anthers - CTA) extracts. Additionally, we studied the antioxidant and chelating effects of CST and CTA extracts by preliminary in vitro assay. The antioxidant activity was further investigated through the evaluation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity on mouse myoblast (C2C12) and human colon cancer (HCT116) cell lines. Additionally, we evaluated CST and CTA extract treatment on cholinesterases, α-glucosidase and α-amylase activity, in vitro. Finally, we studied the effects of CST extract on malondialdehyde (MDA) level in rat colon specimens challenged with E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We observed that water CST extracts are rich in phenolic content, whereas for CTA the olive oil was the elective extraction solvent. As expected, water CST extracts were the most effective in reducing hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in both cell lines and in vitro assays. Furthermore, both CST and CTA water extracts reduced the LDH activity in HCT116 cells challenged with hydrogen peroxide and LPS-induced MDA levels in rat colon specimens. Concluding, the present findings showed protective effects exerted by CST and CTA extracts in in vitro and ex vivo models of inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Anti-inflammatory and neuromodulatory effects induced by tanacetum parthenium water extract: Results from in silico, in vitro and ex vivo studies
Scopus
Havuzumuzda Open Access 25 atıf almış
Tanacetum parthenium (feverfew) has traditionally been employed as a phytotherapeutic remedy in the treatment of migraine. In this study, a commercial T. parthenium water extract was investigated to explore its anti-inflammatory and neuromodulatory effects. Isolated mouse cortexes were exposed to a K+ 60 mM Krebs-Ringer buffer and treated with T. parthenium water extract. The prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) level, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and IL-1β gene expression were evaluated in the cortex. The effects on dopamine (DA) release and dopamine transporter (DAT) gene expression were assayed in hypothalamic HypoE22 cells. A bioinformatics analysis was conducted to further investigate the mechanism of action. The extract was effective in reducing cortex PGE2 release and IL-1β gene expression. In the same experimental system, IL-10 and BDNF gene expressions increased, and in HypoE22 cells, the extract decreased the extracellular dopamine level and increased the DAT gene expression due to the direct interaction of parthenolide with the DAT. Overall, the present findings highlight the efficacy of T. parthenium water extract in controlling the inflammatory pathways that occur during cortical-spreading depression. Additionally, the inhibition of the hypothalamic DA release observed in this study further supports the role of dopaminergic pathways as key targets for novel pharmacological approaches in the management of migraine attacks. Copyright:
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Kurumlar (3)
Selçuk Üniversitesi
Selçuklu, Turkey
University of G. d'Annunzio Chieti and Pescara
Chieti, Italy
Veridia Italia Srl
Pescara, Italy