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Crocus sativus L. stigmas and byproducts: Qualitative fingerprint, antioxidant potentials and enzyme inhibitory activities
Scopus
Toplam 133 atıf DOI
Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) has been previously reported to be active as a protective agent in multiple experimental models of oxidative stress, inflammation and cancer. These findings refer to the protective effects of stigmas, not byproducts such as tepals and anthers. In this context, the aims of the present work were to characterize the phytochemical profile of saffron stigmas (CST) and high quality byproducts (tepals + anthers - CTA) extracts. Additionally, we studied the antioxidant and chelating effects of CST and CTA extracts by preliminary in vitro assay. The antioxidant activity was further investigated through the evaluation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity on mouse myoblast (C2C12) and human colon cancer (HCT116) cell lines. Additionally, we evaluated CST and CTA extract treatment on cholinesterases, α-glucosidase and α-amylase activity, in vitro. Finally, we studied the effects of CST extract on malondialdehyde (MDA) level in rat colon specimens challenged with E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We observed that water CST extracts are rich in phenolic content, whereas for CTA the olive oil was the elective extraction solvent. As expected, water CST extracts were the most effective in reducing hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in both cell lines and in vitro assays. Furthermore, both CST and CTA water extracts reduced the LDH activity in HCT116 cells challenged with hydrogen peroxide and LPS-induced MDA levels in rat colon specimens. Concluding, the present findings showed protective effects exerted by CST and CTA extracts in in vitro and ex vivo models of inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Bioactivity and Metabolomic Profile of Extracts Derived from Mycelial Solid Cultures of Hypsizygus marmoreus
Scopus
Havuzumuzda Open Access 12 atıf almış
The beech mushroom (Hypsizygus marmoreus) is a highly nutritious, edible medicinal mushroom native to East Asia. The present research investigated the impact of different substrates on the metabolite compositions of H. marmoreus mycelia cultivated in vitro. The substrates tested included malt extract agar, malt extract agar enriched with barley malt, and malt extract agar enriched with grape pomace. The study also assessed antimicrobial and antiradical activities of the extracts against gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus), gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), yeasts (Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. parapsilosis), and dermatophytes (Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. tonsurans, T. rubrum, Arthroderma quadrifidum, A. gypseum, A. curreyi, and A. insingulare). The results revealed that the H. marmoreus mycelia extracts demonstrated antibacterial and antifungal activities against the tested microorganisms. Extracts obtained from the cultivation in substrates enriched with either barley malt or grape pomace exhibited the highest antibacterial activity among all the tested bacterial strains except for P. aeruginosa. The same extracts showed the highest inhibitory effect against C. albicans and C. parapsilosis. Noteworthy, the extract from the mushroom cultivated in the substrate enriched with grape pomace also exhibited remarkable efficacy against T. mentagrophytes and T. tonsurans. Terpenoid and carbapenem compounds could be related to the antimicrobial properties of the extracts from mushrooms cultivated in substrates enriched with grape pomace. In comparison, the higher antiradical properties could be related to the content of indole compounds. In conclusion, growth substrate selection affects the nutritional and medicinal properties of H. marmoreus, making it a valuable contribution to the understanding of the cultivation of this mushroom.
Atıf Yapan Makale Bilgileri
Kurumlar (3)
Selçuk Üniversitesi
Selçuklu, Turkey
Università degli Studi di Perugia
Perugia, Italy
University of G. d'Annunzio Chieti and Pescara
Chieti, Italy