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Pharmacological insights into the multifaceted biological properties of quinic acid
Scopus
Toplam 199 atıf DOI
Quinic acid is a cyclohexanecarboxylic acid contained in the extracts of several parts of medicinal plants including Haematocarpus validus, Hypericum empetrifolium, Achillea pseudoaleppica, Rumex nepalensis, Phagnalon saxatile subsp. saxatile, Coffea arabica, Ziziphus lotus L, and Artemisia annua L … etc. Currently, in vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies showed that quinic acid exhibits various biological activities, such as antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer activity, antimicrobial, antiviral, aging, protective, anti-nociceptive and analgesic effects. Indeed, QA possesses an important antibacterial effect which could be explained by the fact that this molecule modules the functions of ribosomes and the synthesis of aminoacyl-tRNAs, modifications the levels of glycerophospholipids and fatty acids and disruption of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway thereby causing interference with membrane fluidity. The antidiabetic activity of AQ is achieved by stimulation of insulin secretion via the mobilization of Ca2+ from intracellular reserves and the increase in the NAD(P)H/NAD(P)+ ratio. Its anticancer effect is through the promotion of apoptosis, inhibition of activator protein 1 (AP-1) and signaling pathways involving protein kinase C (PKC) and certain mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), resulting in the downregulation of matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) expression. Therefore, this review describes the main research work carried out on the biological properties of AQ and the mechanism of action underlying some of these effects, as well as the investigations of the main pharmacokinetic studies.
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Phytochemical composition, antioxidant potential, and inhibitory activity on enzymes associated with carbohydrate metabolism and skin whitening with molecular docking of ten Achillea taxa
Scopus
Havuzumuzda
Several Achillea species have been reported to exhibit cytotoxic, wound-healing, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities. In this study, the phytochemical composition of aqueous ethanol extracts from ten Achillea taxa was investigated using LC–MS/MS analysis. The antioxidant potential of the extracts was evaluated, and their inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase enzymes were assessed. Quinic acid (11.95–43.93 µg/mg), chlorogenic acid (9.82–32.75 µg/mg), cynaroside (9.82–32.75 µg/mg), and rutin (0.56–21.11 µg/mg) were identified as the major compounds. Among the tested species, Achillea teretifolia exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity in ABTS and DPPH assays, with IC50 values of 231.5 ± 0.72 and 11.31 ± 0.25 µg/mL, respectively. In contrast, Achillea lycaonica showed the most potent tyrosinase inhibition (IC50: 1.83 ± 0.26 µg/mL). The extracts also demonstrated inhibitory activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with IC50 values ranging from 0.39 to 195.8 mg/mL and 0.19 to 39.18 µg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, molecular docking studies using AutoDock Vina and ChemOffice explored the interactions of quinic acid, the predominant phenolic compound, with tyrosinase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase.