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The effects on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of DICI engine fuelled with TiO2 nanoparticles addition in diesel/biodiesel/n-butanol blends
Scopus
Toplam 229 atıf DOI
In this study, waste cooking oil biodiesel was mixed with titanium dioxide (TiO2), a metal-based nano particle, and n-butanol (C4H9OH) along with euro diesel to examine their effects on diesel engines. Various ratio of fuel blends were prepared with TiO2 nano particles-diesel-biodiesel and n-butanol. The tests fuels were euro diesel (D100), biodiesel (B100), B20, B20 + TiO2, B20But10 and B20But10 + TiO2, respectively. Thermo-physical properties such as density, pour point, cloud point, cold filter clogging point, flash point and kinematic viscosity of all test fuels were determined followed by investigating engine performance parameters such as torque, power, fuel consumption and etc. Combustion analysis was also investigated. In addition, the effects on emissions such as CO, CO2, HC, NO and smoke opacity were also carried out. The addition of n-butanol to the fuel blends substantially affected density, kinematic viscosity and cold flow properties, while the addition of TiO2 has not much effect on these properties. For all tested fuels, the maximum brake engine torque and power were recorded at approximately 1400 rpm and 2800 rpm, respectively. The addition of TiO2 increased the brake engine torque and power 10.20% and 9.74% and decreased the brake specific fuel consumption 27.73% and 28.37%, respectively compared to blends without TiO2 additive. TiO2 additive increases the maximum cylinder pressure and heat release rate, as a result improved the engine performance and combustion. The addition of n-butanol in the fuel blend increased the maximum cylinder pressure and heat release rate values in comparison to euro diesel. The results of exhaust emission showed a decrease in CO, HC and smoke opacity emissions, whereas increased CO2 and NO emission, except the use of n-butanol reduced the values of NO emission, in comparison to euro diesel and without TiO2 additive. The results show that biodiesel produced from waste cooking oil, n-butanol and TiO2 additive can be used in diesel engines at certain proportion and that the additive materials improve the combustion characteristics, engine performance and exhaust gas emission.
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The effect of pure methane energy fraction on combustion performance, energy analysis and environmental - economic cost indicators in a single-cylinder common rail methane-diesel dual fuel engine
Scopus
Havuzumuzda 31 atıf almış
Although methane-diesel dual fuel implementation is a very effective method in reducing high NOx and smoke emissions, which are the main problems of diesel engines, this implementation still suffers from high level of HC and CO emissions at low-medium load conditions. Considering this problem of dual-fuel engines, it is very important to examine the effects of pollutant emissions resulting from combustion on the environment and human health to see the usability of methane gas in dual fuel mode, and the current literature is quite limited. Therefore, in this study, the effect of methane energy fraction on combustion, emissions and environmental-economic costs was investigated in a dual fuel engine with optimum diesel injection timing. The tests were conducted in a single-cylinder, air-cooled, common rail diesel engine at constant engine speed and variable engine loads. The operation was carried out in two different modes as diesel and methane-diesel dual fuel. In the first mode, the optimum diesel injection timing of common rail diesel engine was determined. Five different injection timings from 11°CA to 19°CA before top dead center (bTDC) were used to determine the optimum diesel injection timing. The second mode was carried out at varying methane energy fraction (MEF) levels with %0, %25, and %50 contributions to the total fuel energy of methane. In the optimum injection timing experiments, the lowest ignition delay period, combustion duration, lower emission values, and better engine performance were obtained with 11°CA bTDC under all load conditions. The methane energy fraction significantly reduced the maximum combustion pressure, especially under low load conditions. However, combustion pressure values of diesel and methane-diesel dual fuel studies under high load conditions were obtained close to each other due to late injection timing, high injection pressure, and higher combustion temperature. Moreover, COVIMEP values of all test fuels were obtained below 5% under medium and high load conditions. On the other hand, NO and smoke emissions, which are the main problems of diesel engines, decreased significantly. With the increase of MEF level in methane-diesel dual fuel application, NO emissions showed an improvement up to 67%. Similarly, smoke emissions improved up to 82%. Despite the high HC and CO emissions, which is one of the main problems of the dual fuel mode, the significant reduction of NO emissions due to methane addition has significantly improved the environmental and economic costs. This situation clearly demonstrated the usability of high methane substitution in terms of emissions in dual fuel mode. In addition, exhaust energy loss for all load conditions in methane-diesel dual fuel mode showed an average improvement of 13.5% compared to diesel mode. As a result, high methane substitution is promising because it significantly reduces NO and smoke emissions, which are the main problems of diesel engines, and the low-performance data is at a compensable level.
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Kurumlar (1)
Selçuk Üniversitesi
Selçuklu, Turkey